Hydrocephalus is a condition where excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up in the ventricles of the brain. This fluid buildup increases pressure within the skull, causing headaches, nausea, vision problems and developmental delays in children. A shunt refers to a medical device that helps drain excess CSF, relieve pressure and improve symptoms. Shunt surgery is an effective treatment for hydrocephalus. Know more about the procedure from the best neurosurgeon in Kolkata.
Before Surgery
- Consultation: Your neurosurgeon will discuss the details of the surgery, including the type of shunt and the surgical approach. They will even address any questions or concerns you may have.
- Medical History: Make sure to be prepared to share your complete medical history, including any medications you are taking.
- Imaging Tests: You may need additional imaging tests, such as an MRI scan, to determine the best placement for the shunt.
- Fasting: You will likely be instructed to stop eating and drinking several hours before surgery.
The Surgery
Shunt surgery is generally performed under general anaesthesia. Here’s a general breakdown of what to expect:
- Incisions: The best neurosurgeon in Kolkata will make small incisions, generally one in the head (to access the ventricles), one in the abdomen (to drain the fluid) and possibly one in the neck (to connect the catheters).
- Shunt Placement: A thin, flexible tube (catheter) is placed in one of the ventricles to drain the CSF. Another catheter is tunnelled under the skin, connecting the first catheter to the abdominal cavity, where the excess fluid is absorbed. A valve is placed within the system to regulate the flow of fluid.
- Closure: The incisions are then closed with stitches or staples.
Recovery
- Hospital Stay: You will likely stay in the hospital for a few days after surgery for monitoring and recovery.
- Pain Management: You will be given medication to manage any pain or discomfort at the incision sites.
- Activity: You may be encouraged to get up and move around soon after surgery to prevent blood clots and promote healing.
- Discharge: Once your doctor is confident you are recovering well, you will be discharged home with specific instructions.
Aftercare
- Recovery Time: Full recovery from shunt surgery can take several weeks. It’s important to be patient and follow your doctor’s instructions regarding rest, activity and wound care.
- Follow-Up Appointments: Follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor the shunt’s function and check for any potential complications.
- Signs to Watch For: Be aware of signs that the shunt may not be functioning properly, such as increasing headaches, vomiting, drowsiness or changes in vision or balance. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
Long-Term
Living with a shunt is manageable. While some shunts may last for years without problems, others may require adjustments or replacements due to blockages or malfunctions. Reach out to the best neurosurgeon in Kolkata for more information.